A Discussion on Augmenting and Executing SharedPlans forMultimodal
نویسندگان
چکیده
The adoption of SharedPlans as a basis for multimodal dialogues is discussed. An extension to the model of plan augmentation for discourse is proposed so that it applies for multimodal interaction. The proposed process exploits SharedPlans and Adjacency Pairs in conjunction to account for global and local collaboration. Finally, multimedia coordination is taken into account. An example is followed throughout the paper to make the consequences of the proposal more concrete. In this paper, we consider the multimodal interface as a place where actions occur that may be considered both as domain actions and communicative (linguistic and nonlinguistic) actions. This is true for user actions and for system actions: when the system holds the initiative it performs some domain actions, some communicative actions or actions of both kinds. The interface is at the same time a sensorial organ, the medium (or the collection of media) through which the message is realized, and the (virtual) place where domain actions are actually performed. In the old tele-type approach this ambiguity was not present, as the very simple interface constituted only \the ears and the mouth" of the system, that was otherwise blind and inert. Our work is based on the theory proposed by Grosz and Sidner, 1986]. This theory considers discourse structure as composed by three distinct but interacting components: the linguistic structure (a structure of the sequence of utterances), the intentional structure (a structure of the discourse purposes) and the attentional state (the state of the focus of attention). Although the three components are strongly connected (i.e. segmentation, change of segment purpose and change of focus space are mutually dependent), in this paper we concentrate only on the intentional structure. Lochbaum, 1994]). This proposal emphasizes the col-laborative aspect of communication, by means of a peculiar kind of plans called SharedPlans. The theory of SharedPlans Grosz and Kraus, 1993] is based on the notion of \plans as complex mental attitudes" Pol-lack, 1990] in which emphasis is put on the diierence between the plans that an agent \knows" (i.e. recipes for actions) and the plans an agent adopts (i.e. a struc-tured collection of beliefs and intentions). The Shared-Plan theory is intended to model interaction as a joint activity in which the participants try to build a plan (in the second way above) together: the plan is shared in the sense that both participants have a compatible set of beliefs and intentions. In this …
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تاریخ انتشار 1995